Answered By: Greg Leurs Last Updated: 02 Jul, 2026 Views: 6470
This will depend on what the type of resource it is, rather than the format. As such, the format will likely be covered by one of the specific examples for secondary sources.
Be aware, any resource which has an International Standard Book Number (ISBN), usually presented in this format: ISBN: 9780521876094, should be referenced as a book/ebook.
You can find guidance on referencing secondary sources on pages 39-44 of the OSCOLA 5th edition under section 3.7 Other secondary sources.
This covers a range of resource types which might be presented as a PDF. These include conference papers, theses, parliamentary reports, command papers, Law Commission reports and other government publications such as briefing papers.
The question you should ask yourself is ‘what type of resource are you trying to reference?’, rather than the file format.
Pinpointing:
Any pinpoints would go at the end of the footnote reference. For page numbers you simply write the number. If it is a paragraph number you would put para before the number: para 3.2. To pinpoint a chapter you would put ch before the number: ch 11. Pinpoints would not be included in the Bibliography.
If you have a resource as a PDF and, having checked the OSCOLA guide, are unsure how to reference it then you can contact your subjects Academic Liaison Librarian for specialist help.
Was this helpful? 2 7